Nottingham architect responsible for a number of UMFC chapels, of which denomination he may have been a member. These included Hanover, Sheffield (1859-60), Fore Street 'Flower Pot Chapel', Redruth (1865) and Poplar, London (1868), all now demolished; Shakespeare Street, Nottingham (1854), now a synagogue; Castle Street, Scarborough (1860) and Marsden Street, Chesterfield (1870), now in secular use; and George Street, Burton-on-Trent (1860), now the main Methodist chapel in the town.