UMC missionary in China, born on 7 June 1900 at Great Harwood, Lancs. In 1925 he was appointed to North China. He taught at the Wuchang Theological Seminary, Hupeh, 1932-33 and was Chairman of the North China District from 1933 until his internment by the Japanese in 1943. From 1953 he taught at Manchester University. A student of Chinese philosophy and religion, he contributed to various publications and wrote several books, including The Wisdom of the Taoist Mystics (1980). He died on 23 August 1987.